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Africa: Strong Only On Paper? Fact-Checking Angie Motshekga's Claim About South Africa's Military Might

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Strong only on paper? Fact-checking Angie Motshekga’s claim about South Africa’s military might
In March 2025, the Southern African Development Community said it would start gradually pulling troops out of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).
Soldiers from the bloc were sent to eastern DRC in 2023 to help stabilise the conflict-hit region. But after 14 South African troops died in January 2025, the country’s defence minister Angie Motshekga faced heavy criticism and questions about the army’s competence.
Amid the uproar, Motshekga said in February that the South African National Defence Force (SANDF) was “a force to be reckoned with”, claiming that in a recent ranking of the continent’s defence forces, it came third after Egypt and Algeria.
Is this accurate?
Motshekga said her claim came from a “recent report”, but didn’t say which. Africa Check has asked the ministry for the source and will update this report with their response.
The minister likely quoted Global Firepower, a website that ranks countries by “military strength”. It ranked South Africa third in Africa in 2024, after Egypt and Algeria, and fourth in 2025.
The site says it uses a “unique, in-house formula” to create a “PowerIndex” based on “over 60 individual factors”. These include the number of soldiers, military vehicles and a country’s finances. It also says it collects data from various sources which may “deliver varying degrees of information and/or accuracy”.
But there are some problems with this system.
The site doesn’t explain how it calculates an overall score, so the rankings can’t be independently checked. While it lists the factors used, it doesn’t say how these are then turned into a final ranking for the 145 countries it tracks. Out of 55 African Union member states, it includes just 37.
The website does not list any contact details, so Africa Check couldn’t ask the site’s owners about their methods.
The site’s author isn’t named, and there are no signs that experts are behind it. In the past, a disclaimer read: “This is a personal and experimental site meant for entertainment and to stir up dialogue.”
A similar disclaimer now reads: “Material presented throughout this website is for entertainment and historical value as well as a general reference.”
All this hasn’t stopped major news outlets – and at least one government minister – from quoting the ranking without question.
We asked several defence experts about Global Firepower’s index.
A key concern raised by experts at Stellenbosch University‘s Faculty of Military Science in South Africa was that simply listing stats didn’t necessarily reflect how “strong” one country’s military was compared to another.
“Adding up weapons and personnel numbers to compare sizes is a bit different than assessing combat readiness for missions,” Dr Francois Vreÿ, an emeritus professor of military science at the university, told Africa Check.
Dr Thomas Mandrup, an associate professor at Stellenbosch and head of research at the Royal Danish Defence College‘s Institute for Strategy and War Studies, said that the index didn’t reflect the SANDF’s true strength and that “a number of the values are wrong”, including troop numbers.
Defence analyst Helmoed Heitman said that some equipment numbers “were simply wrong” and that the site seemed to “simply list equipment that has been acquired at some point”, without factoring in upgrades or wear over time.
Experts agreed that numbers alone didn’t show real military strength. To compare countries, you also need to consider factors like the quality of training, logistics and combat experience.
Ignoring these factors was “a fatal mistake”, said Darren Olivier, director of military news and analysis site African Defence Review, whose post on X criticising the ranking initially drew our attention to the claim. “There are many examples in history of a military better in qualitative terms, having excellent training, discipline, and highly effective integration between its forces being able to pull off big victories against armed forces that are much larger in both personnel and equipment levels.”
Olivier also criticised Global Firepower’s unclear methods, shallow comparative analysis and focus on ranking, saying it shouldn’t be taken seriously.
“It was frankly surprising to see South Africa’s minister of defence uncritically quoting it,” he said.
Other experts said trying to rank a country’s military overall wasn’t very useful. Annette Seegers, emeritus professor at the University of Cape Town’s politics department, said such rankings simply “do not reveal effectiveness”.
Olivier said that some armies were trained and equipped for specific environments or tasks so it wasn’t as simple as ranking countries by “strength”. One army might be more effective in one situation but not in another, depending on the conditions.
There are other, more nuanced ways of measuring a military’s effectiveness. The Military Balance by the International Institute for Security Studies gives yearly insights into 170 countries’ forces, conflict zones, political and economic dynamics, and more.
However, defence expert Heitman noted that even these had limits. The IISS reports, for example, “cannot always be sure of how much equipment is properly serviceable, and also do not have a good insight into training levels and standards”.
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While an outright ranking might not be possible, experts told Africa Check we still know a lot about the state of South Africa’s defence force.
They identified several issues hurting the SANDF, including budget cuts, poor equipment maintenance and the quality of its training programmes.
“As has been clear for some time, decades of prolonged underfunding have had a severe impact on the SANDF in both a quantitative and qualitative sense,” Olivier said.
The Department of Defence’s annual reports show that the number of SANDF members dropped from almost 80,000 in 2013/14 to just below 70,000 ten years later. Olivier’s opinion is that “in virtually every metric, the SANDF is less combat-capable today than it was a decade ago”.
Heitman echoed these sentiments. He said “very good and even outstanding people” in the SANDF were often unable to do their jobs effectively because they’d been poorly assigned and lacked the necessary equipment or funding.
Depending on what was measured, he suggested South Africa might come off unfavourably compared to some other African countries.
“Bottom line,” Heitman said, was that “despite having good people, the SANDF is not currently fit for purpose”.
Read the original story, with links and other resources.
Africa Check is a non-partisan organisation which promotes accuracy in public debate and in the media. Twitter @AfricaCheck and www.africacheck.org

AllAfrica publishes around 500 reports a day from more than 110 news organizations and over 500 other institutions and individuals, representing a diversity of positions on every topic. We publish news and views ranging from vigorous opponents of governments to government publications and spokespersons. Publishers named above each report are responsible for their own content, which AllAfrica does not have the legal right to edit or correct.
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AllAfrica is a voice of, by and about Africa – aggregating, producing and distributing 500 news and information items daily from over 110 African news organizations and our own reporters to an African and global public. We operate from Cape Town, Dakar, Abuja, Johannesburg, Nairobi and Washington DC.
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Africa: Expanding Market Access – Unlocking New Opportunities for Entrepreneurs

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Sometimes, one opportunity is all it takes to change the trajectory of a business. For many women in the WCW Programme, 2024 has been a year of breakthroughs – where barriers gave way to bridges, and small businesses found space to grow.
Thanks to focused coaching and training, WCW entrepreneurs opened the door to over 10 new markets, generating opportunities valued at more than US$200,000. With tailored procurement support, they went even further – securing five supplier partnerships in Tanzania and seven in Zambia. These aren’t just numbers. They’re new deals signed, new shelves stocked, and new markets won.
Behind this progress is WCW’s strong belief in insight before action. Partnering with a leading service provider, the programme is helping entrepreneurs decode market trends, customer behaviours, and competitor landscapes. Through boot camps in six countries, women are now equipped with sharper strategies to position and promote their businesses like pros.
In the agriculture and agro-processing sectors, WCW is collecting critical data to pinpoint entry barriers, market concentrations, and competitive pressures. These insights are more than academic – they’re fuelling policy advocacy aimed at making it easier for small businesses to enter and thrive in high-potential sectors.
Support is also happening behind the scenes. WCW has brought in seasoned service providers to guide entrepreneurs in securing offtake agreements – particularly in agribusiness, where the potential to scale is massive. Plans to roll out a collective/aggregation model are also underway, giving smaller businesses the power to move together and tap into bigger supply chains.
Key Voices:
“The programme helped me focus on customer needs, allowing me to improve service delivery and expand my product range.”
— Participant from Tanzania
“The WCW-I programme has been helping me develop confidence, refine operations, and expand my market reach.”
— Participant from Zambia
With clearer pathways and stronger partnerships, WCW is showing what’s possible when entrepreneurs are given the tools – and the trust – to lead their own growth.
Read the original article on Graça Machel Trust.
AllAfrica publishes around 500 reports a day from more than 110 news organizations and over 500 other institutions and individuals, representing a diversity of positions on every topic. We publish news and views ranging from vigorous opponents of governments to government publications and spokespersons. Publishers named above each report are responsible for their own content, which AllAfrica does not have the legal right to edit or correct.
Articles and commentaries that identify allAfrica.com as the publisher are produced or commissioned by AllAfrica. To address comments or complaints, please Contact us.
AllAfrica is a voice of, by and about Africa – aggregating, producing and distributing 500 news and information items daily from over 110 African news organizations and our own reporters to an African and global public. We operate from Cape Town, Dakar, Abuja, Johannesburg, Nairobi and Washington DC.
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US to ban artificial food dyes in cereals, snacks and beverages

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(BBC) US Health Secretary Robert F Kennedy Jr is set to announce a ban on certain artificial food dyes, according to a statement from the health agency.

Kennedy plans to announce the phasing out of petroleum-based synthetic dyes as a “major step forward in the Administration’s efforts to Make America Healthy Again” the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) said on Monday.

No exact dates for the changes were provided, but HHS said Kennedy would announce more details at a news conference on Tuesday.

The dyes – which are found in dozens of foods, including breakfast cereals, candy, snacks and beverages – have been linked to neurological problems in some children.

On the campaign trail alongside Donald Trump, Kennedy last year pledged to take on artificial food dyes as well as ultra-processed foods as a whole once confirmed to lead to top US health agency.

The move comes after the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) earlier this year banned one dye, Red Dye 3, from US food and pharmaceuticals starting in 2027, citing its link to cancer in animal studies. California banned the dye in 2023.

Most artificially coloured foods are made with synthetic petroleum-based chemicals, according to nutrition nonprofit Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI).

Some of the petroleum-based food dyes include Blue 1, used in candy and baked goods; Red 40, used in soda, candy, pastries and pet food; and Yellow 6, also used in baked goods and drinks. Synthetic food dyes are found in dozens of popular foods including M&M’s, Gatorade, Kool-Aid and Skittles.

The only purpose of the artificial food dyes is to “make food companies money”, said Dr Peter Lurie, a former FDA official and the president of CSPI.

“Food dyes help make ultra-processed foods more attractive, especially to children, often by masking the absence of a colorful ingredient, like fruit,” he said. “We don’t need synthetic dyes in the food supply, and no one will be harmed by their absence.”

Companies have found ways to eliminate many of the dyes in other countries, including Britain and New Zealand, said former New York University nutrition professor Marion Nestle.

For example, in Canada, Kellogg uses natural food dyes like carrot and watermelon juice to colour Froot Loops cereal, despite using artificial dyes in the US.

How harmful the synthetic dyes are is debatable, said Ms Nestle.

“They clearly cause behavioural problems for some – but by no means all – children, and are associated with cancer and other diseases in animal studies,” she said.

“Enough questions have been raised about their safety to justify getting rid of them, especially because it’s no big deal to do so,” she added. “Plenty of non-petroleum alternative dyes exist and are in use.”

In 2008, British health ministers agreed to phase out six artificial food colourings by 2009, while the European Union bans some colourings and requires warning labels on others.

In recent months, Kennedy’s food-dye ban has found momentum in several state legislatures. West Virginia banned synthetic dyes and preservatives in food last month, while similar bills have been introduced in other states.

The post US to ban artificial food dyes in cereals, snacks and beverages appeared first on ZNBC-Just for you.

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Africa: Captain Ibrahim Traoré – the Soldier Selling Africa False Hope

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Traoré’s anti-democratic posture is not a blueprint for development — it is a calculated strategy to entrench military rule under the guise of a populist revolution.
What Traoré is selling is not a radical reimagining of governance. It is an age-old authoritarian tactic: discredit democracy, invoke national pride, and suppress dissent — all while consolidating power… Since assuming power through a 2022 coup, Traoré has suspended political parties, cracked down on the press, and muzzled civil society organisations. He claims these actions defend national sovereignty and promote a “popular, progressive revolution.”
Clad in fatigues and fluent in fiery rhetoric, Captain Ibrahim Traoré of Burkina Faso has emerged as a poster child of a new wave of African populism. To his supporters, he is a revolutionary — bold, youthful, and principled.
To the disillusioned youth across the continent, he offers a seductive promise: progress without the inconveniences of democracy. But behind the revolutionary slogans and Sankara-inspired aesthetics lies a far less romantic reality.
Traoré’s anti-democratic posture is not a blueprint for development — it is a calculated strategy to entrench military rule under the guise of a populist revolution. Let us be clear, Africa has every right to interrogate the forms and functions of democracy on the continent.
For decades, many African states have endured dysfunctional governance, hollow elections, and endemic corruption — even under democratically elected leaders. But that frustration must not be manipulated into legitimising authoritarianism.
What Traoré is selling is not a radical reimagining of governance. It is an age-old authoritarian tactic: discredit democracy, invoke national pride, and suppress dissent — all while consolidating power.
Since assuming power through a 2022 coup, Traoré has suspended political parties, cracked down on the press, and muzzled civil society organisations. He claims these actions defend national sovereignty and promote a “popular, progressive revolution.”
But there is little “popular” about a regime that stifles dissent and sidelines citizen participation. Beneath the rhetoric, his governance follows a familiar authoritarian script: glorify the military, delegitimise the opposition, and centralise authority.
His framing of democracy as a Western construct is both lazy and intellectually dishonest. Democracy is not a Western invention — it is a universal aspiration. It is not perfect — no system is — but it provides tools for accountability, the protection of rights, and peaceful transitions of power.
Traoré’s assertion that no country has developed under democracy ignores glaring counterexamples: India, Indonesia, Botswana, Mauritius, and even South Africa — imperfect democracies that have made tangible developmental progress.
Democracy is not the enemy of progress; bad leadership is. Traoré frequently cites China and Rwanda as models of authoritarian success. But cherry-picking these exceptions while ignoring the graveyard of failed autocracies is deeply misleading.
For every China, there are countless Zimbabwes, Sudans, and Libyas — nations brought to their knees by unchecked power. Even China’s economic gains have come at great human cost: widespread censorship, suppression of dissent, and the erosion of personal freedoms — trade-offs many Africans are neither willing nor ready to accept.
In truth, Traoré’s appeal is more symbolic than substantive. His military garb, rejection of Western aid, and Pan-Africanist slogans serve a performative function — designed to project the image of a revolutionary, while masking the repressive nature of his regime.
It is political theatre, expertly staged for a generation hungry for change but jaded by the failures of democracy. And let us not be fooled by his youth or populist flair. Africa has seen this movie before.
From Mobutu in Zaire to Mengistu in Ethiopia, the continent’s post-independence history is littered with military strongmen who promised renewal but delivered repression. They all began with charismatic appeals and revolutionary fervour.
They all ended with censorship, violence, and economic ruin. Traoré’s growing popularity among young Africans — many of whom have no memory of the brutality of past military regimes — is understandable, but dangerous.
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Disillusionment with democracy should fuel reform, not nostalgia for dictatorship. Africa does not need another soldier-saviour. It needs strong institutions, functional systems, and an empowered citizenry — not one infantilised by authoritarian paternalism.
If Captain Traoré is genuinely committed to African sovereignty and development, let him invest in institution-building. Let him empower an independent judiciary, uphold press freedom, invest in civic education, and be accountable to the people — not just through speeches, but through action.
Anything less is not leadership — it is manipulation. The truth is, democracy does not fail because it is un-African. It fails when it is hijacked by corrupt elites, undermined by weak institutions, and eroded by poverty and exclusion.
The solution is not to discard democracy — but to fix it, to deepen it, to make it real. That is the only sustainable path to development, dignity, and self-determination.
Umar Farouk Bala writes from Abuja. He can be reached via: umarfaroukofficial@gmail.com.
Read the original article on Premium Times.
AllAfrica publishes around 500 reports a day from more than 110 news organizations and over 500 other institutions and individuals, representing a diversity of positions on every topic. We publish news and views ranging from vigorous opponents of governments to government publications and spokespersons. Publishers named above each report are responsible for their own content, which AllAfrica does not have the legal right to edit or correct.
Articles and commentaries that identify allAfrica.com as the publisher are produced or commissioned by AllAfrica. To address comments or complaints, please Contact us.
AllAfrica is a voice of, by and about Africa – aggregating, producing and distributing 500 news and information items daily from over 110 African news organizations and our own reporters to an African and global public. We operate from Cape Town, Dakar, Abuja, Johannesburg, Nairobi and Washington DC.
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